Development of a shortened state anxiety scale from the. Factorial structure and equivalence of the two versions were determined by confirmatory factor analyses cfa. The state trait anxiety inventory has 40 items divided into two scales, s anxiety and t anxiety 20 items each. Without knowledge of the score on stai state a psychiatrist examined all patients and set diagnosis according to dsm. Parkinsons toolkit the stai is a validated 20 item self report assessment device which includes separate measures of state and trait anxiety. Anxiety evaluates the current state of anxiety, asking how respondents feel right now, using items that measure subjective feelings of apprehension, tension, nervousness, worry, and activationarousal of the autonomic nervous system. The staics is widely used to assess childrens anxiety. The state scale is recommended for measuring patient anxiety in the preoperative phase 15 and has been used in several anesthesiologic studies 1619. The staiy sanxiety and tanxiety scales are printed on opposite sides of a singlepage test form. State anxiety can be defined as a transient momentary emotional status that results from situational stress.
Pdf in this study, we evaluated the continuous and state anxiety levels of mothers with children with language delay. Subjective rating for intensity of the symptoms is not asked. Although the statetrait anxiety inventory stai is a popular measure of anxiety, some previous research suggests that the trait scale may assess depression, as well as anxiety. There is a frequently used scale for assessing the anxiety called state trait anxiety inventory.
The second scale is the trait anxiety scale t anxiety. This scale evaluates relatively stable aspects of being prone to anxiety or to be anxious including general states of calmness, confidence, and security. The statetrait anxiety inventory for adults stai is a 40 item assessment that measures anxiety in adults. Confirmatory factor analytic methods suggested that a hierarchical solution best fit the data, with one overall. Pdf the factor structure of the statetrait anxiety inventory. Full text the reliability and validity of a chinese.
The facet of trait anxiety and the stressful situation must be congruent in order to evoke increases in state anxiety. Abstract past studies on the factor validity of the trait subscale of the spielbergers statetrait anxiety inventory stait do unanimously agree on its structure. However, there is controversy in research findings regarding the contribution of state and trait anxiety to. The amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale. Relationship between the postconcussion symptom scale and. A study of the statetrait anxiety inventory and the. The sample consisted of 16 patients receiving imv at the alicante hospital spain, who selected the items. Assessing childrens anxiety using the modified short state. Specific instructions are provided for each of the s. Reliability data revealed that the a state and a trait scales had a high internal consistency, and high itemtotal correlations were found for most of the items under each scale. The person trait anxiety and the situation are important in determining levels of state anxiety. Anxiety stimulates our fight or flight response, releasing adrenaline into the blood stream.
It was found that while both the a state current axiety level and a trait anxiety proneness scales were influenced by this response set, the effect was greater for the a state scale. Its most current revision is form y and it is offered in 12 languages. Validity of two measures of anxiety in children springerlink. The relationship between state and trait anxiety with. Trait anxiety is not observed directly, but is expressed as state anxiety when stress is experienced 5, p204. Based on the same theory as the stai, the statetrait anxiety inventory for children staich distinguishes between a general proneness to anxious behavior rooted in the personality and anxiety as a fleeting emotional state. Trait anxiety inventory consulting psychologists press 1983. It clearly differentiates between the temporary condition of sta.
Trait anxiety is a personality disposition that describes a persons tendency to perceive situations as threatening, and hence to experience state anxiety in stressful situations 4. The 12 new items were translated into portuguese by two translators and then backtranslated. Using the astate raw score alone as an index of bias resulted in 95. The inventory was first published by the us psychologist charles donald spielberger born 1927 and several colleagues in. It was designed to assess levels of state anxiety and traint. A commonly used questionnaire to assess anxiety is the. Reliability and factorial structure of the chinese version of. The author hypothesized that state anxietyanxiety not tied to any particular situation but aroused in any situationshould be highly related to test anxiety during a. The statetrait anxiety inventory stai is a psychological inventory based on a 4point likert scale and consists of 40 questions on a selfreport basis. Statetrait anxiety inventory stai statistics solutions. Higher scores are positively correlated with higher levels of anxiety. This study used the state trait anxiety scale and the rating of perceived exertion. Therefore the intent of this research project was to develop and validate such a measure. Dec 12, 2017 anxiety can manifest itself in two recognizable ways, state or trait.
The development of the anxiety scale for pregnancy asp was based on his research of state anxiety. In order to obtain information about the external validity, relationships between the stds and tests which already exist in english and german several depression scales as well as the state trait personality inventory, the state trait anger expression inventory, and the mainz coping inventory were analysed. Consistent with the definition of state anxiety given earlier, the essential qualities evaluated by the stai sanxiety scale are feelings of apprehension, tension, nervousness, and worry. The stai measures two types of anxiety state anxiety, or anxiety about an event, and trait anxiety, or anxiety level as a personal characteristic. The responses specify frequency of the individuals experience of the symptom along a likert scale ranging from 04. Reliability and factorial structure of the chinese version. Full text the reliability and validity of a chineseversion. Purchase staiad license to reproduce if you plan to administer the staiad via a paper and pencil survey. A drug reference page for fda approved general anesthetics is now available. Psychometric properties of the state trait inventory for.
Staiy sanxiety and tanxiety scales are printed on opposite sides of a singlepage. State trait anxiety inventory for children staic spielberger et al 1973. The goal was to describe the content validity of a short version of the state subscale of spielbergers statetrait anxiety inventory stai, based on the original version adapted to spanish, in spanish patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation imv. Assessing childrens anxiety using the modified short. Emotionally disturbed children obtained significantly higher scores on the a state and a trait portions of the staic and the anxiety portion of the cmas, while normal children obtained. Low content saturation leads to higher intercorrelations with irrelevant scales. The chinese version of the state trait anxiety inventory stai was administered to 2150 chinese secondaryschool students. Each of the 40 items has a range of four possible responses to each. The original stai form was constructed by charles d. According to the literature anxiety has a strong impact on career indecision among students. Statetrait anxiety inventory growing leaders foundation. The statetrait anxiety inventory stai has been used extensively in research and. A questionnaire comprising two separate selfrating scales, one measuring state anxiety and the other trait anxiety, each scale containing 20 items. The state trait anxiety inventory for children staich is the definitive instrument for measuring anxiety in children.
Development of a shortened state anxiety scale from the spielberger state trait anxiety inventory stai for patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. Purchase staiad license to reproduce if you plan to administer the staiad via a. A questionnaire comprising two separate selfrating scales, one measuring state anxiety and the other trait anxiety, each scale containing 20. The reliability and validity of a chineseversion short health anxiety inventory. The downloadable pdf file includes one copy of the staiad all forms, scoring keys, and permission to reproduceadminister the staiad for up to the. In addition, new pages with more automated content will soon replace some of the older pages. The stai measures two types of anxietystate anxiety, or anxiety about an event, and trait anxiety. The trait anxiety is a relatively stable personality disposition, while state anxiety is the situationrelated anxiety and this may differ depending on the stress of the particular moment. Development of a shortened state anxiety scale from the spielberger statetrait anxiety inventory stai for patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support. State anxiety scale items are rated on a 4 point likert scale 1 not at all, 2 somewhat, 3 moderately so. State trait anxiety inventory for adults stai acer. To clarify what is actually measured by the trait version of the statetrait anxiety inventory stai.
Statetrait anxiety inventory for adults staiad assessments. The stai, or statetrait anxiety inventory stai is an instrument that quantifies adult anxiety a childrens version is also available. The sticsa was based on spielberger s 1966, 1972 theoretical formulation of state and trait anxiety and replicates the stai s format of independent state and trait scales. The statetrait anxiety inventory is the definitive instrument for. The inventory was first published by the us psychologist charles donald spielberger born 1927 and several colleagues in 1970.
Journal of anxiety disorders vol 5, issue 4, pages 285. It distinguishes between a general proneness to anxious behavior rooted in the personality and anxiety as a fleeting emotional state. Trait anxiety, neuroticism, and the brain basis of. Patients suffering from trait anxiety usually experience it as a permanent psychological trait. It was designed to assess levels of state anxiety and traint anxiety, through 40 items scored by a likertscale.
The majority of selfreport scales for anxiety disorders require a second to third grade reading level but take only about 10 to 15 minutes to complete and can be manually scored easily. Spielbergers statetrait anxiety inventory stai and statetrait personality inventory stpi are the most frequently used instruments to study anxiety and stress responses in scuba divers 7,12, and the stpi has also been recommended for studies investigating the relationships between anxiety and narcosis 14, a condition associated. The stai has 40 items, 20 items allocated to each of the s. Dec 01, 2015 to test the psychometric properties of an adapted arabic version of the state trait anxiety form y staiy in saudi adult dental patients. The game score changes in the experimental group were recorded. Validity and reliability of an arabic version of the state. Development and validation of a shortform version of the.
The amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale ap. Psychometric properties of the statetrait anxiety inventory mdpi. Another critique of the use of stai scale for measuring. The state trait anxiety inventory for children staicj and the childrens manifest anxiety scale cmas were administered to 60 emotionally disturbed children and 60 normal children matched on mental age. The state trait anxiety inventory stai, a widely used measure of general anxiety, has also been commonly used in research on pregnancy anxiety 14. The statetrait anxiety inventory stai has been used extensively in. The 40item statetrait anxiety inventory for adults stai measures anxiety in adults. The statetrait anxiety inventory stai is a psychological inventory based on a 4point likert scale. Not only are stai trait scores elevated in patients with mdd but scores on this and other anxiety scales, such as the taylor manifest anxiety scale taylor, 1953. Using the a state raw score alone as an index of bias resulted in 95. Weve used photocopies of original questionnaire in our experiments stai. The development of the anxiety scale for pregnancy asp. One hundred fiftythree concussed athletes mean age16. A statetrait anxiety inventory stai form y1 shodhganga.
The statetrait anxiety inventory stai american psychological. Reliability data revealed that the astate and atrait scales had a high internal consistency, and high itemtotal correlations were found for most of the items under each scale. Teter sp 009 925 title application of the spielberger traitstate anxiety. It was found that while both the astate current axiety level and atrait anxiety proneness scales were influenced by this response set, the effect was greater for the astate scale. The statetrait anxiety inventory stai is a 40item selfreported questionnaire designed by spielberger, gorsuch, lushene, vagg, and. The statetrait anxiety inventory for children staicj and the childrens manifest anxiety scale cmas were administered to 60 emotionally disturbed children and 60 normal children matched on mental age. The relationship between state and trait anxiety with career. Clinical and health psychology unit, department of clinical the staiy state trait manual for the state trait anxiety inventory. The statetrait anxiety inventory for children state form staics was developed by spielberger and contains 20 items, and it is one of the most frequently used selfreport instruments for evaluating childrens anxiety. Statetrait anxiety inventory for adults mental health solutions. Anxiety evaluates relatively stable aspects of anxiety proneness, including general states of calmness, confidence, and security. Psychosocial changes associated with participation in a. Tilburg university development of a short version of the dutch.
The factor structure of the trait items was initially examined using factor analytic procedures. Both trait and state anxiety need to be controlled in the sporting context. The downloadable pdf file includes one copy of the staiad all forms, scoring. People have various levels of trait anxiety, and an athlete with high levels of trait anxiety will need to. The staic is an adaptation of the stai specifically designed for the study of anxiety in schoolage children. Statetrait anxiety inventory stai, beck anxiety inventory bai, and hospital anxiety and depression scaleanxiety hadsa laura j. There is also a stai for children staic with the same number of items. Spielbergers theory and measure of state and trait anxiety was examined in detail. Validation of the anxiety scale for pregnancy in a sample. The purpose of this experiment was to relate two bodies of research on anxiety.
Journal of anxiety disorders vol 5, issue 4, pages 285382. Spielbergers questionnaire stai is divided into two scales. It generally brings with it a sense of unease about something with an uncertain outcome. K stephensonbrown, a otwell, p schatz, m womble, r j elbin, the relationship between the postconcussion symptom scale and statetrait anxiety inventory in concussed athletes, archives of clinical neuropsychology, volume 34, issue 5, july 2019.
The statetrait anxiety inventory stai is a commonly used measure of trait and state anxiety spielberger, gorsuch, lushene, vagg. Spielberger, 1973 were given to 90 children as pretests to determine baseline attitudes toward their illnesses and their overall levels of trait anxiety. Equivalent english and german versions of the statetrait depression scales stds were developed and presented to samples of american and german students who were comparable with regard to gender and age. It causes an increase in hear rate and blood pressure, but also increased nervousness. The staics offers high reliability and satisfactory validity. Cheng et however, according to stai manual, there is no completion time limit. Validity and reliability of an arabic version of the statetrait anxiety inventory in a saudi dental setting. To clarify what is actually measured by the trait version of the state trait anxiety inventory stai. Emotionally disturbed children obtained significantly higher scores on the astate and atrait portions of the staic and the anxiety portion of the cmas. This particular instrument is used to simplify the separation between state anxiety and trait anxiety, feelings of anxiety and depression. The anchors are defined for the state and trait scales as the following.
It clearly differentiates between the temporary condition of state anxiety and the more general and longstanding quality of trait anxiety helping professionals distinguish between a clients feelings of anxiety and depression. Pdf statetrait anxiety inventory stai assessment of mothers. There is a frequently used scale for assessing the anxiety called statetrait anxiety inventory. In this crosssectional study, the published arabic version of the staiy was evaluated by 2 experienced bilingual. Trait anxiety, neuroticism, and the brain basis of vulnerability to affective disorder555 second is that there is genuine shared variance underlying vulnerability to both ads and mdd.
Pub date may 75 note 19p presented to the north american society of. Spielberger statetrait anxiety inventory stai spielberger 1983 is a self reported instrument. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between state and trait anxiety with career indecision of iranian undergraduate students. The staich is the definitive instrument for measuring anxiety in children. Trait anxiety refers to anxiety as a characteristic of a person, so that the person is generally anxious about unknown outcomes, it is a part of who the person is. Standard psychology instruments and questionnaires ucl. The stai scale is suitable for assessing the general level of anxiety, but it does not measure pregnancyspecific stressors 2.
State trait anxiety inventory an overview sciencedirect. The chinese version of the statetrait anxiety inventory stai was administered to 2150 chinese secondaryschool students. Anxiety can manifest itself in two recognizable ways, state or trait. Instrument both studies used the 20 state and 20 trait anxiety items from the staix and the six new items from each scale of the staiy, providing a 26 item state scale and a 26 item trait scale. Trait and state anxiety are a psychological response akin to nervousness or worry. Spielberger state trait anxiety inventory stai spielberger 1983 is a selfreported instrument.
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